Pelvic floor dysfunction is a common but often underdiagnosed and undertreated condition that affects both men and women. It refers to problems with the muscles, ligaments, and connective tissue in the pelvic region that can lead to a variety of symptoms including urinary incontinence, fecal incontinence, sexual dysfunction, and chronic pelvic pain.

The pelvic floor muscles, which support the pelvic organs and sphincter muscles, can become weakened or damaged for a number of reasons. Pregnancy, childbirth, and aging are common causes of pelvic floor dysfunction in women, while men may experience it as a result of prostate surgery or other medical conditions. Chronic constipation, obesity, and high-impact activities like running or cycling can also contribute to pelvic floor dysfunction.

Symptoms of pelvic floor dysfunction can vary greatly depending on the underlying cause and the specific muscles affected. Common symptoms in women include urinary incontinence (involuntary leakage of urine), fecal incontinence (involuntary leakage of feces), and chronic pelvic pain. In men, symptoms may include urinary incontinence, difficulty with bowel movements, and erectile dysfunction.

Diagnosis of pelvic floor dysfunction typically involves a physical examination, including a pelvic exam and rectal exam in men, as well as a thorough medical history and symptom assessment. Additional diagnostic tests such as urodynamic testing, and imaging studies such as Pelvic Floor Ultrasound, MRI, and electromyography (EMG) may also be used to help determine the cause of the dysfunction and guide treatment.

Treatment for pelvic floor dysfunction depends on the underlying cause and the specific symptoms being experienced. Non-invasive treatments such as pelvic floor muscle exercises, biofeedback, and electrical stimulation may be effective in improving muscle function and reducing symptoms. In some cases, medication or surgery may be necessary.

Pelvic floor physical therapy, also known as pelvic rehabilitation, is a type of therapy that focuses on the muscles and connective tissue in the pelvic region. It can be effective in improving muscle function and reducing symptoms of pelvic floor dysfunction, as well as in preventing future problems.

It is important to see a healthcare provider if you are experiencing symptoms of pelvic floor dysfunction. While these problems can be embarrassing to discuss, they are common and can often be successfully treated with the right approach. Don't suffer in silence – seeking help can greatly improve your quality of life.

January 2022.